Ultrasound Market: Global Overview and Forecast (2023-2029)

Ultrasound Market size was valued at USD 7.24 Bn. in 2022 and the total Ultrasound revenue is expected to grow by 6.5% from 2023 to 2029, reaching nearly USD 11.25 Bn.

Market Overview:

Ultrasound as a tool for medical image analysis evolved rapidly during the second half of the 20th century. Its worth was proved in areas of imaging when its unique properties provided distinct benefits over other imaging modalities. It has achieved widespread recognition as a nonionizing, non-invasive type of energy. The need for both basic and specialist ultrasound services has gradually developed and continues to expand, with new vistas being explored. The establishment and extension of basic ultrasound services are more easily possible than other imaging technologies since it requires less physical infrastructure and costs less in equipment and consumables. Personnel, on the other hand, is a different story. The provision of dependable diagnostic ultrasonography services necessitates the use of well-trained, highly qualified resource personnel. Personnel training must thus be viewed as a key duty on the side of those delivering ultrasound services, whether basic or advanced. The increased use of ultrasound equipment for diagnostic imaging and therapy, as well as the rising prevalence of chronic and lifestyle-related diseases, is expected to drive market growth. Additionally, increased demand for minimally invasive surgery and technical improvements in ultrasound imaging technology are driving market growth. Because it is quick and inexpensive, ultrasound is regarded as one of the most important diagnostic techniques in medical imaging. It is also safer than other imaging methods since it does not use ionizing radiation or a magnetic field.Ultrasound MarketTo know about the Research Methodology :- Request Free Sample Report

Ultrasound Market Dynamics:

Rising Geriatric Population and Chronic Disease Prevalence driving the Market Growth The frequency of chronic diseases is increasing rapidly, which has increased the demand for healthcare services such as more patient visits, hospital admissions, and surgeries. For instance, the CDC's statistics from 2022 show that there were more than 900 million doctor visits, 155 million visits to the ER, and 45 million outpatient procedures performed in the United States. A large increase in the demand for medical imaging equipment, particularly ultrasound devices for diagnosis and treatment processes, has resulted from this as well as the development in the proportion of geriatric populations worldwide that suffer from chronic diseases. Applications of this technology have also grown over the past ten years to include clinical areas like surgery, gastroenterology, and musculoskeletal. These uses were formerly restricted to obstetrics, cardiology, obesity, and radiography. The deployment of these systems in primary care, anesthesia, emergency medicine, and critical care applications has therefore increased as a result of recent innovations and the introduction of numerous products in the point-of-care (POC) sector and handheld devices. This is expected to facilitate sales growth through the forecast period. Introduction to artificial intelligence in obstetrics and gynecology ultrasound imaging Artificial intelligence (AI) uses data and algorithms to reach the same conclusions that humans do (or even better). Face identification, speech recognition in virtual assistants (such as Amazon Alexa, Apple's Siri, Google Assistant, and Microsoft Cortina), and self-driving automobiles are all powered by AI. AI software has lately won world championships in chess, go, and poker. Relevant to the community, it is a key source of healthcare innovation, already assisting in the development of new medications, clinical decision assistance, and quality assurance in radiography. The full list of medical image analysis AI applications with FDA or European Union regulation (soon to fall under European Union Medical Device Regulation (EU MDR)) is rapidly growing and covers a wide range of clinical needs, such as arrhythmia detection with your smartwatch or fully automated triage of critical imaging techniques to the top of the radiologist work list. Deep learning, a major AI technology, is very strong at photographic pattern identification and hence of great assistance to doctors who rely significantly on images, such as sociologists, radiographers, and pathologists. Even though obstetric and gynecologic ultrasonography is two of the most regularly conducted imaging tests, artificial intelligence has had minimal influence on this sector thus far. Nonetheless, there is a lot of promise for it to help with repetitive ultrasound activities like automatically selecting excellent acquisitions and providing instant quality assurance. Interdisciplinary contact between AI developers and ultrasound specialists is required for this potential to blossom. Product recalls and a lack of skilled technicians prevent the widespread use of Ultrasound systems The market is experiencing tremendous growth as a result of innovations in the field of artificial imaging. However, recent recalls of these products are damaging the reputation of the major businesses selling ultrasound equipment. For instance, the U.S. FDA issued a class 2 product recalls for Koninklijke Philips N.V.'s S83t compact in May 2022. The transesophageal transducer's defective auto cool feature led to the recall because it posed a risk of patient damage during ultrasound exams. This is expected to limit the growth potential through the forecast period, along with the lack of trained technicians in nations like Australia, the United Kingdom, and Canada. For example, according to several studies, the U.K.'s sonographer vacancy rate is believed to be between 12 and 18 %, with the inability to locate qualified applicants as one of the major causes. Growing End-user interest for refurbished equipment Even though diagnostic ultrasound offers a wide range of applications vital for maternal and fetal health, it is rarely available in low-resource settings. Full-size ultrasound devices are prohibitively costly and extremely huge, rendering them unsuitable for use in community settings. Due to these factors, the demand for Ultrasound devices is decreasing. The demand for remanufactured ultrasound equipment has developed as a result of the high pricing of innovative ultrasound technologies (such as focused ultrasound), high expenses associated with the maintenance of the machine, the requirement of skilled professionals, and the budgetary restrictions encountered by small-sized healthcare facilities. In North America, for example, a standard 3D/4D ultrasound system costs USD 20,000-75,000, whereas a reconditioned 3D/4D ultrasound system costs USD 5,000-40,000. As a result, the increased desire for reconditioned systems is likely to offer a substantial obstacle to market growth.

Ultrasound Market Segment Analysis:

By Technology, the Diagnostic Ultrasound devices segment is dominating the market with a 72% share. This is owing to the wide range of applications in obstetrics, cardiology, and oncology. In addition, the increasing prevalence of various lifestyle-related disorders and technological advancements are expected to boost the demand for diagnostic ultrasound devices. In addition, the world market for diagnostic ultrasound devices is likely to be driven by rising demand for improved diagnostic devices such as miniaturized 2D and 3D/4D. The segment is further sub-segmented into 2D, 3D/4D, and Doppler. In the lack of reasonable, confirmed evidence of adverse consequences in humans, the use of diagnostic ultrasonography is usually recognized as safe. Nonetheless, given the fast advancement of technology, the likelihood of ultrasound-induced harmful effects emerging in the future cannot be ruled out. While there may be no cause for worry in most situations, judicious use is justified. Obstetric applications are of special interest because rapidly dividing and differentiating embryonic and fetal tissues are vulnerable to physical harm, and disruption of cell differentiation might have significant biological repercussions. Technological developments have enhanced diagnostic accuracy, but they have also led to significantly greater levels of sonic output, and the potential health effects of equal amounts of exposure have not been explored in people. Ultrasound Market The significant usage of 2D ultrasound in women's health, the affordability of healthcare reimbursements for advanced diagnostic procedures in developed markets, ongoing technological advances in the field of diagnostic ultrasound imaging, and the growing applications of evolving ultrasound techniques all contribute to this segment's large share. The market for the therapeutic ultrasound segment is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.1% High-intensity focused ultrasound and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy makes up the remainder of this segment. Since it is very effective in treating cancer and other related disorders, the high-intensity focused ultrasound sector, which had the greatest revenue share in 2022, is expected to grow rapidly throughout the forecast period. According to the WHO, cancer was responsible for around 10 million deaths world in 2022. By Application, the Radiology/ general imaging Segment held the largest market share in 2022 and is expected to dominate the market with a 29% share during the forecast period. General imaging is less expensive than other applications and includes a wide range of scans that clinicians need for diagnosis and direct treatment, including scans of the abdomen, musculoskeletal system, small parts, urology, liver, thyroid, scrotum, bladder, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, and gallbladder. Ultrasound Market Due to the rising prevalence of cardiovascular disorders (CVD) around the world, the cardiology category is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 5.1 % through the forecast period. For instance, according to the WHO, CVDs are the world's largest cause of death, accounting for 17.9 million fatalities annually. The segment is likely to grow as a result of improvements in ultrasound technology for cardiac applications. For instance, by introducing Affiniti CVx in August 2020, Philips increased the range of cardiovascular ultrasound products it offered. The system's goal is to assist cardiology departments in providing better care to more patients while boosting productivity. By End-User, the Hospital segment held the greatest revenue share of over 39.5 % in 2022 and is expected to keep leading the ultrasound device market throughout the forecast period with the highest CAGR. The extensive usage of ultrasound equipment in medical settings and the rise in patients seeking treatment for various lifestyle-related ailments are two factors that have contributed to the segment's growth. The availability of portable systems is estimated to grow the demand for ultrasound equipment in both outpatient and inpatient settings. The demand for new installations is also likely to increase due to the rising adoption of technologically advanced imaging systems and the rising number of hospital mergers and acquisitions with other market competitors through the forecast period. For instance, Philips signed a multi-year agreement in 2022 to assist Zhejiang University's First Affiliated Hospital, one of China's top hospitals, in growing and improving. The systems covered by this contract, which combine clinical research and education, include ultrasound, image-guided therapy, monitoring analytics, and therapeutic care systems. Ultrasound Market Many hospitalists use point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) to answer particular diagnostic inquiries or to guide the conduct of invasive bedside treatments. Standards for hospitalists in POCUS training and assessment, however, have yet to be defined. Most internal medicine residency training programs, the primary source of new hospitalists, have just lately begun to include POCUS into their curricula. The goal of this publication is to educate a broad audience about POCUS and how hospitalists use it. Ultrasound scanning (USS) has been utilized as a diagnostic tool in medicine for more than 50 years, and it became widely utilized in the 1980s. It is known as 'targeted' or 'point-of-care' USS and is performed by non-radiologists to address a specific clinical query in a variety of clinical contexts. Non-radiologists, in general, utilize ultrasonic devices to rule in rather than rule out pathology. It is performed pre-hospital to answer specific clinical issues and to assist with key treatments necessary for urgent resuscitation. Technological advancements have resulted in ultrasound equipment that is smaller, more user-friendly, and sturdier, resulting in higher picture quality. Their application in the pre-hospital setting is becoming more viable and practicable.

Ultrasound Market Regional Insights:

The North American region dominated the ultrasound market with a 30% share in 2022 and is expected to experience significant growth during the forecast period. One of the main drivers of the regional market growth is the presence of a sizable number of market competitors in the area, as well as the rising incidence of cancer cases. For example, National Cancer Institute states that 1,806,590 new cases of cancer are expected to be identified in the United States in 2022. The high rate of modern technology adoption in the area is also increasing the demand for ultrasound equipment. St. Luke's University Health Network and GE Healthcare collaborated to install 76 ultrasound machines in October 2020 to create a network of AI-assisted technologies. This is the biggest single ultrasound order GE has ever placed in the United States. Due to the rising need for better imaging devices, the market in the Asia Pacific is forecast to increase at the quickest CAGR during the forecast period. In addition, the strong base of healthcare facilities, widespread medication use, an increase in health-care expenses, a rapid increase in the prevalence of kidney stones and chronic diseases, widespread adoption of ultrasound imaging devices in well-equipped healthcare facilities, increased availability of advanced ultrasound devices and an increase in the number of research activities in this region driving the market growth during the forecast period. The U.S. market would then observe around xx% growth rate during the forecast period. Companies are focused on R&D and finance. Several additional competitors are interested in creating technology and new bioimaging for improved outcomes and market growth. Additionally, the existence of radiology experts and surgeons in this country has increased market growth. In 2022, the Asia Pacific ultrasound equipment market had a value of USD xx% billion. The increased sales of these devices in the area are responsible for the growth of this region. China is also regarded as a significant producer of equipment that is efficient in terms of cost. Due to this, the area is a lucrative market for these gadgets. Additionally, market participants are using a variety of tactics to establish their presence in the area. For instance, the Japanese healthcare regulator authorized Philips to release the ultrasound solution for corresponding handheld devices in June 2022. The growth rate is expected to be fuelled by Southeast Asian nations like China, Japan, and India, whose economies are rapidly growing and whose healthcare systems are strengthening. China market dominates the Asia-Pacific ultrasound market because of its huge population and a significant number of diagnostic and hospital facilities. Likewise, a significant percentage of imports and domestic manufacturing contribute to the country's high position. Ultrasound Market Europe is expected to have the highest CAGR of 5.8% during the forecast period, due to the growing number of senior patients with chronic conditions and the existence of well-established healthcare infrastructure in nations like the U.K., Germany, and others. In addition, A large number of ongoing biomedical research projects in the field of ultrasound, developments in therapeutic trials of focused ultrasound and early commercialization of these devices in the region, and sizable healthcare infrastructure across mature European countries such as Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Spain are driving the growth of the European ultrasound market during the forecast period.

Ultrasound Market Scope: Inquire before buying

Ultrasound Market
Report Coverage Details
Base Year: 2022 Forecast Period: 2023-2029
Historical Data: 2018 to 2022 Market Size in 2022: US $ 7.24 Bn.
Forecast Period 2023 to 2029 CAGR: 6.5% Market Size in 2029: US $ 11.25 Bn.
Segments Covered: by Technology 1. Diagnostic Ultrasound

1.1 2D Ultrasound 1.2 3D & 4D Ultrasound 1.3 Doppler Ultrasound

2. Therapeutic Ultrasound

1.1 High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) 1.2 Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL)

by Device Display 1. Color Ultrasound 2. B/W Ultrasound
by Portability 1. Trolley/Cart-based Ultrasound Systems 2. Compact/Handheld Ultrasound Systems 3. Point-of-care (PoC) Ultrasound Systems
by Application 1. Radiology/General Imaging Applications 2. Obstetrics/Gynecology Applications 3. Cardiology Applications 4. Urology Applications 5. Vascular Applications 6. Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Applications 7. Pain Management Applications 8. Other Applications (hepatology, neurology, bariatric surgery, breast imaging, and emergency care, among others)
by Component 1. Transducers/ Probes

1.1 Curvilinear/ Convex Array Probes 1.2 Linear Array Probes 1.3 Phased Array Probes 1.4 Other Probes

2. Workstations 3. Other components
by End User 1. Hospitals, Surgical Centers, and Diagnostic Centers 2. Maternity Centers 3. Ambulatory Care Centers 4. Research and Academia 5. Other End Users (physiotherapy clinics, independent associations, government organizations, and sports academies, among others)

Ultrasound Market, by Region

North America (United States, Canada and Mexico) Europe (UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Austria and Rest of Europe) Asia Pacific (China, South Korea, Japan, India, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Rest of APAC) Middle East and Africa (South Africa, GCC, Egypt, Nigeria and Rest of ME&A) South America (Brazil, Argentina Rest of South America)

Ultrasound Market, Key Players  are:

1. GE Healthcare (US) 2. Hologic, Inc (US) 3. Integra Medical Systems LLC (US) 4. Analogic Corporation (US) 5. Carestream Health (US) 6. Medgyn Products, Inc (US) 7. United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd. (US) 8. Clarius Mobile Health (Canada) 9. Neusoft Corporation (China) 10. SonoScape Medical Corp. (China) 11. Mindray Medical International Limited (China) 12. Chison Medical Technologies Co., Ltd. (China) 13. CANON MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION (Japan) 14. Hitachi Ltd. (Japan) 15. FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation (Japan) 16. Konica Minolta, Inc (Japan) 17. Samsung Medison Co., Ltd. (South Korea) 18. CURA Healthcare (India) 19. Siemens Healthcare (Germany) 20. Esaote SpA (Italy) 21. Koninklijke Philips N.V. (Netherlands) FAQs: 1. Which is the potential market for Ultrasound in terms of the region? Ans. North America is the potential market for Ultrasound in terms of the region. 2. What are the opportunities for new market entrants? Ans. Introduction to artificial intelligence in obstetrics and gynecology ultrasound imaging is the key opportunity for market growth. 3. What is expected to drive the growth of the Ultrasound market in the forecast period? Ans. A major driver in the Ultrasound market is the Rising Geriatric Population and Chronic Disease Prevalence. 4. What is the projected market size & growth rate of the Ultrasound Market? Ans. Ultrasound Market size was valued at USD 7.24 Bn. in 2022 and the total Ultrasound revenue is expected to grow by 6.5% from 2023 to 2029, reaching nearly USD 11.25 Bn. 5. What segments are covered in the Ultrasound Market report? Ans. The segments covered are Technology, Device Display, Portability, Application, Component, End User, and Region.
1. Global Ultrasound Market: Research Methodology 2. Global Ultrasound Market: Executive Summary 2.1 Market Overview and Definitions 2.1.1. Introduction to Global Ultrasound Market 2.2. Summary 2.2.1. Key Findings 2.2.2. Recommendations for Investors 2.2.3. Recommendations for Market Leaders 2.2.4. Recommendations for New Market Entry 3. Global Ultrasound Market: Competitive Analysis 3.1 MMR Competition Matrix 3.1.1. Market Structure by region 3.1.2. Competitive Benchmarking of Key Players 3.2 Consolidation in the Market 3.2.1 M&A by region 3.3 Key Developments by Companies 3.4 Market Drivers 3.5 Market Restraints 3.6 Market Opportunities 3.7 Market Challenges 3.8 Market Dynamics 3.9 PORTERS Five Forces Analysis 3.10 PESTLE 3.11. Regulatory Landscape by region • North America • Europe • Asia Pacific • The Middle East and Africa • South America 3.12 . COVID-19 Impact 4. Global Ultrasound Market Segmentation 4.1 Global Ultrasound Market, by Technology (2022-2029) • Diagnostic Ultrasound o 2D Ultrasound o 3D & 4D Ultrasound o Doppler Ultrasound • Therapeutic Ultrasound o High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) o Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) 4.2 Global Ultrasound Market, by Device Display (2022-2029) • Color Ultrasound • B/W Ultrasound 4.3 Global Ultrasound Market, by Portability (2022-2029) • Trolley/Cart-based Ultrasound Systems • Compact/Handheld Ultrasound Systems • Point-of-care (PoC) Ultrasound Systems 4.4 Global Ultrasound Market, by Application (2022-2029) • Radiology/General Imaging Applications • Obstetrics/Gynecology Applications • Cardiology Applications • Urology Applications • Vascular Applications • Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Applications • Pain Management Applications • Other Applications (hepatology, neurology, bariatric surgery, breast imaging, and emergency care, among others) 4.5 Global Ultrasound Market, by Component (2022-2029) • Transducers/ Probes o Curvilinear/ Convex Array Probes o Linear Array Probes o Phased Array Probes o Other Probes • Workstations • Other components 4.6 Global Ultrasound Market, by End-User (2022-2029) • Hospitals, Surgical Centers, and Diagnostic Centers • Maternity Centers • Ambulatory Care Centers • Research and Academia • Other End Users (physiotherapy clinics, independent associations, government organizations, and sports academies, among others) 4.7 Global Ultrasound Market, by Region (2022-2029) • North America • Europe • Asia Pacific • The Middle East and Africa • South America 5. North America Ultrasound Market(2022-2029) 5.1 North America Ultrasound Market, by Technology (2022-2029) • Diagnostic Ultrasound o 2D Ultrasound o 3D & 4D Ultrasound o Doppler Ultrasound • Therapeutic Ultrasound o High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) o Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy (ESWL) 5.2 North America Ultrasound Market, by Device Display (2022-2029) • Color Ultrasound • B/W Ultrasound 5.3 North America Ultrasound Market, by Portability (2022-2029) • Trolley/Cart-based Ultrasound Systems • Compact/Handheld Ultrasound Systems • Point-of-care (PoC) Ultrasound Systems 5.4 North America Ultrasound Market, by Application (2022-2029) • Radiology/General Imaging Applications • Obstetrics/Gynecology Applications • Cardiology Applications • Urology Applications • Vascular Applications • Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Applications • Pain Management Applications • Other Applications (hepatology, neurology, bariatric surgery, breast imaging, and emergency care, among others) 5.5 North America Ultrasound Market, by Component (2022-2029) • Transducers/ Probes o Curvilinear/ Convex Array Probes o Linear Array Probes o Phased Array Probes o Other Probes • Workstations • Other components 5.6 North America Ultrasound Market, by End-User (2022-2029) • Hospitals, Surgical Centers, and Diagnostic Centers • Maternity Centers • Ambulatory Care Centers • Research and Academia • Other End Users (physiotherapy clinics, independent associations, government organizations, and sports academies, among others) 5.7 North America Ultrasound Market, by Country (2022-2029) • United States • Canada • Mexico 6. Europe Ultrasound Market (2022-2029) 6.1. European Ultrasound Market, by Technology (2022-2029) 6.2. European Ultrasound Market, by Device Display (2022-2029) 6.3. European Ultrasound Market, by Portability (2022-2029) 6.4. European Ultrasound Market, by Application (2022-2029) 6.5. European Ultrasound Market, by Component (2022-2029) 6.6. European Ultrasound Market, by End-User (2022-2029) 6.7. European Ultrasound Market, by Country (2022-2029) • UK • France • Germany • Italy • Spain • Sweden • Austria • Rest Of Europe 7. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market (2022-2029) 7.1. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market, by Technology (2022-2029) 7.2. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market, by Device Display (2022-2029) 7.3. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market, by Portability (2022-2029) 7.4. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market, by Application (2022-2029) 7.5. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market, by Component (2022-2029) 7.6. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market, by End-User (2022-2029) 7.7. Asia Pacific Ultrasound Market, by Country (2022-2029) • China • India • Japan • South Korea • Australia • ASEAN • Rest Of APAC 8. Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market (2022-2029) 8.1 Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market, by Technology (2022-2029) 8.2. Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market, by Device Display (2022-2029) 8.3. Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market, by Portability (2022-2029) 8.4. Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market, by Application (2022-2029) 8.5. Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market, by Component (2022-2029) 8.6. Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market, by End-User (2022-2029) 8.7. Middle East and Africa Ultrasound Market, by Country (2022-2029) • South Africa • GCC • Egypt • Nigeria • Rest Of ME&A 9. South America Ultrasound Market (2022-2029) 9.1. South America Ultrasound Market, by Technology (2022-2029) 9.2. South America Ultrasound Market, by Device Display (2022-2029) 9.3. South America Ultrasound Market, by Portability (2022-2029) 9.4. South America Ultrasound Market, by Application (2022-2029) 9.5. South America Ultrasound Market, by Component (2022-2029) 9.6. South America Ultrasound Market, by End-User (2022-2029) 9.7. South America Ultrasound Market, by Country (2022-2029) • Brazil • Argentina • Rest Of South America 10. Company Profile: Key players 10.1 GE Healthcare (US) 10.1.1. Company Overview 10.1.2. Financial Overview 10.1.3. Global Presence 10.1.4. Capacity Portfolio 10.1.5. Business Strategy 10.1.6. Recent Developments 10.2. Hologic, Inc (US) 10.3. Integra Medical Systems LLC (US) 10.4. Analogic Corporation (US) 10.5. Carestream Health (US) 10.6. Medgyn Products, Inc (US) 10.7. United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd. (US) 10.8. Clarius Mobile Health (Canada) 10.9. Neusoft Corporation (China) 10.10. SonoScape Medical Corp. (China) 10.11. Mindray Medical International Limited (China) 10.12. Chison Medical Technologies Co., Ltd. (China) 10.13. CANON MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION (Japan) 10.14. Hitachi Ltd. (Japan) 10.15. FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation (Japan) 10.16. Konica Minolta, Inc (Japan) 10.17. Samsung Medison Co., Ltd. (South Korea) 10.18. CURA Healthcare (India) 10.19. Siemens Healthcare (Germany) 10.20. Esaote SpA (Italy) 10.21. Koninklijke Philips N.V. (Netherlands)
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