The Smart Parking System Market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 21.50% throughout the forecast period, to reach US$ 34.62 Bn. by 2029.Smart Parking Systems Market Introduction
Smart parking is a parking technology that aids drivers in finding safe parking spots. With the aid of integrated software and sensors, available parking space is shown via a sign or symbol. Due to appropriate vehicle management, the driver is appropriately alerted of the free space. This technique detects the presence or absence of cars by using several types of sensors as a hardware component in the parking spot. The smart parking technology offers real-time data on the availability of adjacent parking spaces and allows drivers to park in that slot without causing any other cars to interfere.To know about the Research Methodology :- Request Free Sample Report
Smart Parking Systems Market Dynamics
People are likely to utilize their automobiles for solitary travel and avoid shared mobility, including public transit, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is likely to trigger traffic congestion in several major cities across the world. Over the forecast period, a rise in traffic congestion is projected to drive demand for smart parking solutions. With rising traffic congestion, demand for smart parking systems, which may aid municipal administrations in effectively managing dispersed parking spaces and aid drivers in identifying available parking spots, is expected to rise. Market growth is also projected to be fueled by these systems' capacity to provide the required flexibility and scalability. Market growth is expected to be aided by the rising usage of integrated automation solutions, as well as improvements in wireless and digital payment technologies. Machine-to-machine (M2M) connectivity, data analytics, sophisticated sensors, smart parking metres, and mobile applications for slot reservation and payment are among the technologies used to create successful systems. These technologies assist in determining if a parking lot is vacant or occupied, as well as evaluating and transmitting the data to mobile and online apps. Market growth is likely to be fueled by advancements in these technologies. In several metropolitan areas across the world, poor traffic management is the major source of car overpopulation and the resultant congestion on roadways, which leads to air and noise pollution, which can suffocate economic activity. Smart parking systems can assist in addressing these issues by allowing real-time data gathering and assessing the availability of parking lots, therefore saving consumers money and time. These systems can dramatically cut vehicular emissions by removing the need for vehicles to circle city blocks looking for parking places. Realizing that such systems may also help decrease traffic congestion and pollution, numerous governments across the world are launching deliberate campaigns to promote their use. As a result, favorable government policies in this sector are expected to boost market growth substantially.Smart Parking Systems Market Segment Analysis
In 2022, the smart meters segment led, accounting for nearly 40.0 % of revenue. The growing demand for on-street parking spots has primarily led to the widespread usage of parking meters in numerous cities across the world. Smart meters track and record the number of parked cars as well as available parking spots. The majority of individuals leave their cars parked on the street for several hours. This has prompted governments to implement smart parking metres, which also assist in guarantee that on-street parking spaces are paid for appropriately. During the forecast period, the cameras and LPRs category is expected to increase at the quickest rate. This is due to the increasing usage of LPRs for in-vehicle surveillance. This has prompted governments to implement smart parking metres, which also assist in guarantee that on-street parking spaces are paid for appropriately. In 2022, the parking guidance system segment led, accounting for nearly 75.0 % of revenue. These systems have gained momentum in the market because they assist drivers to save time by giving information about unoccupied spots, parking guidelines, the number of available spots, and the period of availability ahead of time. These systems improve drivers' experiences by monitoring the condition of various ultrasonic sensors and electrical indicators and offering a user-friendly graphical interface. Over the forecast period, the analytics solutions segment is expected to grow significantly. The ability of parking sensors installed on various structures such as light poles to consistently collect trustworthy information on unoccupied and occupied spots is attributed to the segment's growth.Smart Parking Systems Market Regional Insights
In 2022, North America dominated the market, accounting for approximately 35.0 % of revenue. Because of the growing number of cars in the region, the market is anticipated to develop significantly over the projected period. Civic officials in Canada and the United States are working to alleviate traffic congestion, which has become extremely serious as the number of vehicle ownership rises. Increased use of smart parking systems, which assist ensure safe and legal parking for business and individual cars, is one of the initiatives. The region's smart parking systems market is projected to be driven by the growing use of the smart city concept and related technologies such as autonomous cars. In Europe, the market is expected to provide significant development opportunities, thanks to government measures supporting intelligent parking systems as part of pollution-reduction efforts. Furthermore, growing worries over a lack of parking spots, particularly in metropolitan areas, are boosting the region's adoption of smart parking systems.Smart Parking Systems Market Report Scope: Inquire before buying
Global Smart Parking Systems Market Report Coverage Details Base Year: 2022 Forecast Period: 2023-2029 Historical Data: 2018 to 2022 Market Size in 2022: US$ 8.85 Bn. Forecast Period 2023 to 2029 CAGR: 21.50% Market Size in 2029: US$ 34.62 Bn. Segments Covered: by Hardware Pucks (Wireless Sensors) Cameras & LPRs Smart Meters Signage Parking Gates by Software Parking Guidance System Analytics Solutions by Parking Site On-street Off-street by Application Commercial Government Transport Transit Smart Parking Systems Market, by Region
North America (United States, Canada and Mexico) Europe (UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Austria and Rest of Europe) Asia Pacific (China, South Korea, Japan, India, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Rest of APAC) Middle East and Africa (South Africa, GCC, Egypt, Nigeria and Rest of ME&A) South America (razil, Argentina Rest of South America)Smart Parking Systems Market Key Players
1 Altiux Innovations 2 Amano McGann, Inc. 3 Amco S.A. 4 BMW AG (ParkNow GmbH, Parkmobile LLC) 5 Cisco Systems, Inc. 6 CivicSmart, Inc. 7 Deteq Solutions 8 Flowbird 9 gtechna 10 INDECT Electronics & Distribution GmbH 11 Kapsch TrafficCom 12 Libelium Comunicaciones Distribuidas S.L. 13 Meter Feeder, Inc. 14 Mindteck 15 Municipal Parking Services, Inc. 16 Nedap N.V. 17 Park Assist 18 ParkHelp Technologies Frequently Asked Questions: 1. Which region has the largest share in Market? Ans: North America region holds the highest share in 2022. 2. What is the growth rate of Market? Ans: The Global Smart Parking System Market is growing at a CAGR of 21.50% during forecasting period 2023-2029. 3. What is scope of the Global Smart Parking System market report? Ans: Global Smart Parking System Market report helps with the PESTEL, PORTER, COVID-19 Impact analysis, Recommendations for Investors & Leaders, and market estimation of the forecast period. 4. What is the study period of this market? Ans: The Global Smart Parking System Market is studied from 2022 to 2029.
1. Preface 1.1. Market Definition and Key Research Objectives 1.2. Research Highlights 2. Assumptions and Research Methodology 2.1. Report Assumptions 2.2. Abbreviations 2.3. Research Methodology 2.3.1. Secondary Research 2.3.1.1. Secondary data 2.3.1.2. Secondary Sources 2.3.2. Primary Research 2.3.2.1. Data from Primary Sources 2.3.2.2. Breakdown of Primary Sources 3. Executive Summary: Global Smart Parking Systems Market Size, by Market Value (US$ Mn) 3.1. Global Market Segmentation 3.2. Global Market Segmentation Share Analysis, 2021 3.2.1. Global 3.2.2. By Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East Africa) 3.3. Geographical Snapshot of the Smart Parking Systems Market 3.4. Geographical Snapshot of the Smart Parking Systems Market, By Manufacturer share 4. Global Smart Parking Systems Market Overview, 2022-2029 4.1. Market Dynamics 4.1.1. Drivers 4.1.1.1. Global 4.1.1.2. By Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East Africa) 4.1.2. Restraints 4.1.2.1. Global 4.1.2.2. By Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East Africa) 4.1.3. Opportunities 4.1.3.1. Global 4.1.3.2. By Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East Africa) 4.1.4. Challenges 4.1.4.1. Global 4.1.4.2. By Region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, South America, Middle East Africa) 4.1.5. Industry Trends and Emerging Technologies 4.1.6. Porters Five Forces Analysis 4.1.6.1. Threat of New Entrants 4.1.6.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers/Consumers 4.1.6.3. Bargaining Power of Suppliers 4.1.6.4. Threat of Substitute Products 4.1.6.5. Intensity of Competitive Rivalry 4.1.7. Value Chain Analysis 4.1.8. Technological Roadmap 4.1.9. Regulatory landscape 4.1.10. Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Global Smart Parking Systems Market 5. Supply Side and Demand Side Indicators 6. Global Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecast, 2022-2029 6.1. Global Smart Parking Systems Market Size & Y-o-Y Growth Analysis. 7. Global Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 7.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 7.1.1. Pucks (Wireless Sensors) 7.1.2. Cameras & LPRs 7.1.3. Smart Meters 7.1.4. Signage 7.1.5. Parking Gates 7.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 7.2.1. Parking Guidance System 7.2.2. Analytics Solutions 7.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 7.3.1. On-street 7.3.2. Off-street 7.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 7.4.1. Commercial 7.4.2. Government 7.4.3. Transport Transit 8. Global Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, By Region 8.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Region, 2022-2029 8.1.1. North America 8.1.2. Europe 8.1.3. Asia-Pacific 8.1.4. Middle East & Africa 8.1.5. South America 9. North America Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 9.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 9.1.1. Pucks (Wireless Sensors) 9.1.2. Cameras & LPRs 9.1.3. Smart Meters 9.1.4. Signage 9.1.5. Parking Gates 9.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 9.2.1. Parking Guidance System 9.2.2. Analytics Solutions 9.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 9.3.1. On-street 9.3.2. Off-street 9.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 9.4.1. Commercial 9.4.2. Government 9.4.3. Transport Transit 10. North America Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, By Country 10.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Country, 2022-2029 10.1.1. US 10.1.2. Canada 10.1.3. Mexico 11. U.S. Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 11.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 11.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 11.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 11.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 12. Canada Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 12.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 12.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 12.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 12.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 13. Mexico Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 13.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 13.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 13.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 13.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 14. Europe Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 14.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 14.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 14.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 14.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 15. Europe Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, By Country 15.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Country, 2022-2029 15.1.1. U.K 15.1.2. France 15.1.3. Germany 15.1.4. Italy 15.1.5. Spain 15.1.6. Sweden 15.1.7. CIS Countries 15.1.8. Rest of Europe 16. U.K. Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 16.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 16.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 16.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 16.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 17. France Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 17.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 17.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 17.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 17.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 18. Germany Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 18.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 18.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 18.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 18.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 19. Italy Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 19.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 19.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 19.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 19.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 20. Spain Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 20.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 20.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 20.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 20.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 21. Sweden Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 21.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 21.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 21.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 21.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 22. CIS Countries Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 22.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 22.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 22.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 22.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 23. Rest of Europe Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 23.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 23.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 23.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 23.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 24. Asia Pacific Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 24.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 24.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 24.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 24.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 25. Asia Pacific Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, by Country 25.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Country, 2022-2029 25.1.1. China 25.1.2. India 25.1.3. Japan 25.1.4. South Korea 25.1.5. Australia 25.1.6. ASEAN 25.1.7. Rest of Asia Pacific 26. China Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 26.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 26.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 26.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 26.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 27. India Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 27.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 27.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 27.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 27.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 28. Japan Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 28.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 28.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 28.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 28.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 29. South Korea Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 29.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 29.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 29.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 29.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 30. Australia Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 30.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 30.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 30.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 30.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 31. ASEAN Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 31.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 31.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 31.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 31.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 32. Rest of Asia Pacific Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 32.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 32.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 32.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 32.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 33. Middle East Africa Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 33.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 33.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 33.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 33.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 34. Middle East Africa Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, by Country 34.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast by Country, 2022-2029 34.1.1. South Africa 34.1.2. GCC Countries 34.1.3. Egypt 34.1.4. Nigeria 34.1.5. Rest of ME&A 35. South Africa Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 35.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 35.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 35.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 35.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 36. GCC Countries Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 36.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 36.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 36.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 36.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 37. Egypt Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 37.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 37.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 37.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 37.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 38. Nigeria Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 38.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 38.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 38.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 38.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 39. Rest of ME&A Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 39.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 39.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 39.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 39.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 40. South America Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 40.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 40.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 40.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 40.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 41. South America Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, by Country 41.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast by Country, 2022-2029 41.1.1. Brazil 41.1.2. Argentina 41.1.3. Rest of South America 42. Brazil Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 42.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 42.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 42.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 42.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 43. Argentina Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 43.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 43.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 43.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 43.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 44. Rest of South America Smart Parking Systems Market Analysis and Forecasts, 2022-2029 44.1. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Hardware, 2022-2029 44.2. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Software, 2022-2029 44.3. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Parking Site, 2022-2029 44.4. Market Size (Value) Estimates & Forecast By Application, 2022-2029 45. Competitive Landscape 45.1. Geographic Footprint of Major Players in the Global Smart Parking Systems Market 45.2. Competition Matrix 45.2.1. Competitive Benchmarking of Key Players By Price, Presence, Market Share, Applications and R&D Investment 45.2.2. New Product Launches and Product Enhancements 45.2.3. Market Consolidation 45.2.3.1. M&A by Regions, Investment and Verticals 45.2.3.2. M&A, Forward Integration and Backward Integration 45.2.3.3. Partnership, Joint Ventures and Strategic Alliances/ Sales Agreements 45.3. Company Profile: Key Players 45.3.1. Altiux Innovations 45.3.1.1. Company Overview 45.3.1.2. Financial Overview 45.3.1.3. Geographic Footprint 45.3.1.4. Product Portfolio 45.3.1.5. Business Strategy 45.3.1.6. Recent Developments 45.3.2. Amano McGann, Inc. 45.3.3. Amco S.A. 45.3.4. BMW AG (ParkNow GmbH, Parkmobile LLC) 45.3.5. Cisco Systems, Inc. 45.3.6. CivicSmart, Inc. 45.3.7. Deteq Solutions 45.3.8. Flowbird 45.3.9. gtechna 45.3.10. INDECT Electronics & Distribution GmbH 45.3.11. Kapsch TrafficCom 45.3.12. Libelium Comunicaciones Distribuidas S.L. 45.3.13. Meter Feeder, Inc. 45.3.14. Mindteck 45.3.15. Municipal Parking Services, Inc. 45.3.16. Nedap N.V. 45.3.17. Park Assist 45.3.18. ParkHelp Technologies 45.3.19. Other Key Players 46. Primary Key Insights